Important Tips in Writing Research Essays

Important Tips in Writing Research EssaysIf you are trying to write research essays to earn an advanced degree, then you need to have a certain approach when writing your research. If you don't follow this methodology, you are just going to waste your time and effort on a difficult task.What you should do is narrow down your target market for your research essay in certain kinds of topics. For example, if you want to write a dissertation on the interaction between culture and marketing, then you should avoid writing about the financial markets. If you don't know any particular thing, you can simply ask your professor for a list of topics on which you should write your thesis.You will find that there are a number of things that you should be aware of when you want to write research. If you know the basics of this, then you will have a higher chance of writing an essay in the proper manner. This technique is also called as essay structuring.The first thing that you need to do when you are writing research essays is to determine your topic. The topic can be anything, such as politics, economics, religion, or history. However, it is recommended that you focus more on the subject you are writing on.Once you have selected your research topics, you should look into the history of the topic and see what other people have written about it before. You can use that information as your background for your essay.In addition, you should make sure that you have all the relevant facts and details. You also need to try and make sure that you are not making a biased piece of writing, because it can easily get rejected by your instructor and even your professor.When you go about writing your research essay, you should also remember that there are going to be many different people who will read your paper. It is important that you write your essay in such a way that it is unbiased and is going to get you through the quality review panel.

The Three Strikes Law And Public Policy Essay - 1838 Words

Brittney Seals-Johnson 12/8/16 CCJ 4497: Criminal Justice and Public Policy Final Paper The three strikes law came out of the â€Å"get tough† era in the late 70’s. The era was based on the idea that crime is the result of an offender’s choice’s and personal responsibility. During this time, the criminal justice system focused on punishment instead of rehabilitation, as the government switched to determinate based, or individualized sentencing where conviction was served in a jail or prison with a defined length of sentence, and can not be changed by a parole board or other agency. It was fair and just sentences based on the crime committed and its severity. The three strikes law was a policy that was started in Washington in 1993, and Governor Pete Wilson adopted a broader version of it in California that requires a criminal to serve a sentence of twenty-five years to life after they have been caught and convicted of a third felony. There are a total of twenty-three states and the federal government who have adopted some for of the three st rikes policy. The policy varies by each state and what crimes fall under felonies is the states discretion. For example, in Georgia, it only requires two violent felony convictions instead of three. In other states, it does not have to be a violent crime to be sent away for twenty-five to life. Different influences can lead to these types of policies. Public opinion and moral outrage are some of the ways that a policy can come about. ThreeShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The Three Strike Laws On The State Of California1679 Words   |  7 PagesThe effectiveness of the three strike laws has been a major concern among researchers; it has sparked the attention of several indidviduals from the first piece of legislation passed in the United States. This paper considers the impact of three strikes law in the state of California; a states which have implemented this form of mandatory sentencing and known to have the strictest regulations regarding this law. It will addresses the effects of th e law on the crime rate and prison populations.Read MoreReport: Ethics and Three Strikes Law736 Words   |  3 Pagesincreased amount of public and media attention directed to repeat criminal offenders. In the 1980s, crime rates increased and scholars found that a number of these criminal activities were committed by repeat offenders. In response to this information, many states began to enact the so-called Three Strikes, Youre Out Law. The proponents of this legislation, including several victims rights organizations, believe that habitual criminals do not have the desire or capacity to reform. The law mandates thatRead MoreUnethical Consequences of the Three Strikes Laws910 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿THREE STRIKES SENTENCING POLICIES ETHICAL CONCERNS (700 words) Part I (400 words) Unethical Consequences of Three Strikes Laws Zimring (1996) illustrates the inconsistency with which three strikes laws have been applied, producing unjustifiable differences in sentences for individuals with very similar criminal histories. Even more importantly, Zimrings comparison illustrates that the three strikes law in question is typically applied without any objective principle of justice or justificationRead More Three Strikes Law Essay1740 Words   |  7 PagesThree Strikes Law Recidivism is a tendency to relapse into a former pattern of behavior or a tendency to return to criminal behavior. Many studies have been conducted about criminals who begin with petty crimes (misdemeanors) that repeat the same crimes or graduate to serious crimes (felonies). The fear of repeat offenders and the increase of recidivism ignited the federal and state governments to seek harsher ways to protect citizens’ safety. Mike Reynolds a photographer whose daughter, KimberRead MoreCan Racial Profiling Be Justified1612 Words   |  7 Pages Can Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement Be Justified Cornelius Morgan CRJ 125: Criminology (W04) November 15, 2015 Abstract: In 1994 Polly Klaas was kidnapped from a slumber party at her home in California and later murdered by Richard Allen Davis who already had 2 prior convictions for kidnapping on his record. The public was outraged that a repeat offender was able to attack again. Politicians catered to this outrage and sold the public on a bill that would repeat offendersRead More235764916 CJA 394 Week 1 Criminal Justice Overview Paper SAMPLE page only1665 Words   |  7 Pagesin determinate sentencing and truth-in-sentencing laws which limit early release from prison (Albanese, 2013). Prison overcrowding in American began to increase during the 1960’s after the new crime policy known as the â€Å"War on Drugs† policy was initiated by the federal government (Richardson, 2004). The war on drugs policy was created after the large increase of drug flooding into the country after prohibition. This new get tough on crime policy required prison offenders to serve harsher sentencesRead MoreProblems With The Three Strikes Legislation1610 Words   |  7 PagesProblems with the Three Strikes Legislation Cornelius Morgan CRJ 125: Criminology (W04) November 15, 2015 Abstract: In 1994 Polly Klaas was kidnapped from a slumber party at her home in California and later murdered by Richard Allen Davis who already had 2 prior convictions for kidnapping on his record. The public was outraged that a repeat offender was able to attack again. Politicians catered to this outrage and sold the public on a bill that would repeat offenders off the streetsRead MoreProblems with the Three Strikes Laws Essays1502 Words   |  7 Pagesmost controversial laws in the efforts to reduce crime has been the three-strikes laws that have been enacted. This law, which is already in twenty-seven states, requires that offenders convicted of three violent crimes be sentenced to life in prison without chance of parole. The law is based on the idea that the majority of felonies are committed by about 6% of hard core criminals and that crime can be eliminated by getting these criminals off the streets. Unfortunately, the law fails to take intoRead MoreThe Three Strike Law : Does It Act ually Work? Essay1714 Words   |  7 Pages The Three Strike Law: Does it Actually Work? By Marissa Smith United States throughout history has tried many different ways to deter criminals from committing crime. One of the more famous polices enforced was the Three Strikes sentencing laws, and other â€Å"get tough† approaches. In 1994, the Three Strikes sentencing law was first established (Couzens, J. Richards and Tricia A. Bigelow). The law stated that any defendant convicted of any new felony, having been convicted before of aRead MoreThe Problem Of Prison Overcrowding1572 Words   |  7 Pagessystem, healthcare laws, unemployment and economic situations, not to mention the ongoing water drought crisis†¦all of which are major dilemmas in California. One major dilemma, however, is often ignored. Over the past 30 odd years, California’s prison population has grown by 750 percent (â€Å"California’s Perpetuating Prison Crisis†). As this percentage perpetuates to make substantial gains, inmates are suffering in confinement cells, officials are negotiating over the issue, and the public is protesting

Sexual Minority Women - 854 Words

Following on from existing literature on the disparities in health care access, utilization and health outcomes among racial and sexual minority women, the current study seeks to address existing gaps and offer directions for health promotion and future research in this area. This is a retrospective comparison study, examining the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health care seeking behaviors; and the moderating effect of sexual orientation and racial identity on this relationship. Comparative analysis of two medical institutions will be conducted, employing a mixed-method approach: Fenway Health and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, MA. This study design is informed by three theoretical frameworks: Assets†¦show more content†¦It is challenging for researchers to develop a medical framework that incorporates behavior as both a cause and a cure for certain health issues. Several empirical research studies have found a correlation between stress to endocrine and immunological dysfunction (see, Lovallo, 2015). Stress makes it harder, for some, to utilize resources or make appropriate decisions (Sarafino Smith, 2011). It is therefore plausible that multiple daily stressors (such as racism, heterosexism, sexism, macroaggressions), adversely impacts a person’s short and long term physical well-being. Hypothesis and Constructs For this current study, I predict that, while controlling for neighborhood characteristics, sexual and racial minority women seek needed health care at lower rates than women of a higher SES. However, I expect this relationship to be moderated by sexual orientation and racial identity. Racial and sexual minorities, who are of lower SES, seek health care at lower rates than their White heterosexual counterparts. Moreover, I hypothesize that no significant relationship will exist between SES and health care seeking behaviors among White heterosexuals. Based on existing literature reviewed, the primary predictor, SES will be operationalized as household income level. Low SES is measured as living below 200% of the federal poverty level (FPL), and high SES are those living above 400% of the FPL. Neighborhood characteristics, a variable that will be controlled in analysis isShow MoreRelatedRelationship Values Between Gender And Sexuality Essay1181 Words   |  5 Pagesexpectations and norms linked to how men and women, and boys and girls, should act. Sexuality which refers to the biological characteristics that define men and women. Relationship values are what you believe in and morals that you hold important to you so you can live your life to the fullest. Your values are based on what you have experienced through your life and what you have learned over the years. Gender and sexual identity intersect to shape relationship values. Women will place more significance on traditionalRead MoreSexual Assault And Its Effects On The Middl e Upper Class Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction I argue that current research on sexual assault focuses disproportionately on the experiences of White, middle-upper class, heterosexual survivors. Due to this focus on White, college aged, female experiences of sexual assault, survivors who identify with minority groups such as the LGBTQ+ community, racial/ethnic minorities, and with the lower class do not have the support services needed to help them recover from sexual assault. Understanding how minority persons needs differ can help rape crisisRead MoreThe Importance Of Human Sexuality In The United States876 Words   |  4 Pagesscouted the first 10 articles on the page and found that the seventh result was what I was looking for. I chose this particular article because it was a 10-yearlong study dedicated to sexual identity in the United States. This is a national longitudinal study examining the stability and change of sexual orientation identity over time data was drawn from the National Survey of Midlife Developm ent in the United States through a survey. The survey was conducted twice either by mail or phoneRead MoreRape and Sexual Harassment: The Intersectional Experiences of Racism and Sexism for Minorities1488 Words   |  6 PagesRape and sexual harassment are both two common forms of sexual violence prevalent in the United States. Although both events can happen to men, women are more prone to face these occurrences. According to the National Violence Against Women Survey, â€Å"78% of the victims of rape and sexual assault are women and 22% are men† (â€Å"Domestic Violence Statistics†). In 2011, companies experienced sexual harassment charges at 11% in relation to all charges brought forth to businesses, and 16% of these chargesRead MoreMake America Sick Again Case Study1104 Words   |  5 PagesMake America Sick Again: Turning Back the Clock on the ACA and Other Policies The Trump administration has proposed several regressive policies that would widen the health disparities of sexual and racial minorities, and other vulnerable populations who depend on Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act (ACA). The current platform of the Republican Party and, in particular, President Trump has been centered on repealing and replacing the ACA. Congress is currently trying to repeal the ACA without a viableRead MoreAsset Inequities Of Black Sexual Minority Essay1431 Words   |  6 PagesInequities of Black Sexual Minority Women’s Health An anthology edited by, Hull, Bell-Scott, and Smith (1982) titled, â€Å"All the women are White, all the Blacks are men, but some of us are brave† succinctly captures the ubiquitous pairing of women with Whiteness, Blackness with men. I would go further and argue that sexual minorities experience both gendered (maleness) and racialized (whiteness) coupling. Rendering the experiences of those who are Black, women and sexual minorities invisible (for furtherRead MoreNative American Wom Health Disparity1337 Words   |  6 Pagesinjustices are more profound when examining the health care of female Native Americans. HIV a virus that causes AIDS is rather prevalent according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, where in 2001, the rate of aids among American Indian women minorities was 1.5 times higher than the non-white Hispanic population (2012). Even though governments think that the small representation of Native American’s with AIDS/HIV is small, poor sur veillance systems and racial misclassification between the federalRead MoreIncreased Rates of Teen Pregnancy among Minorities1547 Words   |  6 PagesIncreased rates of teen pregnancy among minorities The incidence of teen births in the United States has reached a historic all time low throughout the last couple of years but teen girls are still giving birth to 1700 babies a week. However, minorities are still amongst the highest group of teenagers having children among the age group between 15 and 19 years of age. The highest ethnic groups were comprised of Hispanics and Non-Hispanic blacks making up 57% of all US teen births in 2011, accordingRead MoreA Research Study On The Lgbt Homeless Youth Essay1660 Words   |  7 Pagesfinding found that sexual minorities stress comes from harassment in their community, while at school has little effect (Ibid). While school life has become less hard on the mental health of LGBT youth, the community (house and street life) forces them to be challenged by more factors. The first three sets of theory incorporated the levels, shifting levels of identities shaped by outside agencies for LGBT youth. Another social factor that impending on young sexual minorities are the threats ofRead MoreEssay on Reproductive Health in Low Income Women1436 Words   |  6 Pagesabout the women that are being affected. That being said, it is important to learn more about sexual and reproductive health in low-income women. In the District of Columbia, many women are living below the poverty life and are thus unable to get the help that they need in regards to their sexual and reproductive health. As researchers, there is a need to investigate why this is and what can be done to fix it. Through this research paper, there will be a large focus on low income women, their rates

Implementation of Plans and Strategies

Question: Explain the implementation of plans and strategies. Answer: Introduction: Every organization requires a leader to help the organization in the formulation as well as the implementation of plans and strategies. An effective leader is very vital to the growth of an organization, and his function is not merely confined to the execution of plan within a given time, but to resolve the problem, if any, in the organization, as well as to motivate the employees to achieve the goals. However, if the leader is not being able to strengthen the unity and promote harmony among or with the fellow subordinates, his leadership strategy will never yield any fruitful result. Hence, in such situations, the management of the organization may have to come forward and take necessary step to introduce teamwork, to enable greater interpersonal communication among all the employees, and to identify and rectify, the leadership mistakes, which the leader may be committing (Yukl et al. 2012). Discussion: In the present situation, it is easily understood that the employee Mark, and probably a handful of other employees, are discontent with the management of the Helping Hands, organization, for having granted a quick promotion to their fellow colleague, Jenny. As such, the management of an organization, should try to have a comprehensive understanding of the employees perspective, to be able to get a solution to the problem. Although conflict is a very common part of an organization, the challenges the management is confronted, as a result is quite tough. Hence, conflict resolution within the workplace is of utmost importance as continual process of grudge, malice and dissatisfaction, can lead to the reduction in the rate of productivity and performance (Dubrin et al. 2015). As it has been observed from the case study, that Dharma , as the owner of an NGO , has to keep herself pre-occupied with several government and other agencies, and as such it is difficult for her to look after and promote the workplace harmony. But her promotion of Jenny, as the new trainee, has created much conflict. Hence, the foremost step the organization has to take, is to promote a sense of belonging among all the employees, so that the feeling of workplace hierarchy and consequent conflict somewhat diminishes. This can be done by the organization, by arranging a conference or a seminar, that will help the employees understand the importance of the quality of teamwork. As Happy Hands is an NGO, it should work with an unified approach, to serve people and hence any sort of disruption in harmony can lead to the failure of the entire organization. So, the organization needs to hold more seminars and workshops whereby lecture will be delivered, and even activities will be organize d so that all the employees, the leaders or the subordinates feel themselves an important part of the organization (Moore et al. 2014). As it can be seen that the cause of the workplace conflict, here, is that the average group of employees are holding a sense of malice towards Jenny, who, according to them, have got an unfair advantage in assuming leadership role in the organization. Hence, the organization, has to make sure that Jenny is capable of creating a good rapport with the employees. This can be done, by first identifying a group of employees, who are not quite comfortable working with Jenny; then, a job has to be selected whereby the task will be allocated to these group of people, under the leadership of Jenny. However, here, Jenny should be less of a leader and more of a co-worker (Avgar et al. 2013). The work will be split among the workers, and the employees as well as Jenny, should be directed to communicate, interact and support each other in the process of completing the task. It may be decided that the organization is going to help out a few impoverished families of the remote region. To be able to reach out to these people, the whole team will have to work with each other, travel together, and find out the necessary means of gaining access to these families, and helping out through food, money, and other benefits. This whole act, will require more o a teamwork, whereby with the help of co-operation and support, the whole team will be able to complete the task as well as will fell a sense of joint success, or accomplishment of the same (Blackard et al. 2014). Again, similarly, the organization must be able to boost the morale of the employees and this can be achieved by introducing certain exercises in the workplace. One of the most recommended exercise is called back to back drawing method, this method can be successfully employed by the organization whereby each employee may be asked to sit along with another co-employee. While one of the two employees will be having a blank sheet of paper, the other one will have a picture of an object, and this employee will be responsible for communicating the idea of the object, without being able to show the picture to the first person. Apparently, a fun and interesting game, the exercise can be effectively employed to create team spirit among the employees, and will help them in communicating freely and exploring each other more freely (Bradley et al. 2013). Further, as the case study suggests, accusations have been brought against Jenny regarding her incapacity as a leader. Mark has already pointed out that Jenny has a habit of publicly shouting and criticizing the employees. Since, Jenny did not receive any professional guidance or training for assuming the new leadership role, she should receive some form of professional grooming for polishing her skills as a leader. Even Dharma can summon her, and ask her to change her excessively domineering traits. Jenny should be made aware of the fact that a true leader is not someone who is self-conceited and arrogant about her position, but someone who should bring the change, by considering herself a part of the system. Jenny should be asked not to give commands or discharge duties, in an assertive and arrogant way, but should be more polite and composed while approaching her subordinates to complete a task (Tjosvold et al. 2015). Otherwise, Jenny will end up being an autocratic leader, and wi ll be unsuccessful in accomplishing her goals. Moreover, a true leader is not always the one, who always communicates order to the subordinates. Jenny, keeping this point in mind, must learn to develop and enhance her listening skills (Maxwell et al. 2013). Since Happy Hands is actually a NGO, most of the services rendered by the employees are done on a voluntary basis, without much attraction to money or any other sort of financial benefit, the management authority of the organization, must ensure that none of the employees working here, feel unwanted or unnecessary. Hence, the management should also provide responsible works to other employees, with a minimum of two years of experience, and may ask them to initiate an activity, that requires lesser involvement of Jenny. Instead of depending on Jenny as an authoritative figure, the organization should ask the other employees, to share their valuable suggestions, opinions and advices, and may ask them to hold meetings or implement i deas, as and when they want to (Malik et al. 2015). Conclusion: Happy Hands is an NGO, and as an organization which runs with a beautiful objective, must not face any impediment for internal conflict. If any employee, such as Mark, is found to ventilate excessive negative opinion, he or she may be allowed to leave, if the employee decides so. However, for the remaining number of employees, Dharma must introduce more team-oriented activities, which will focus on activities that will encourage team performance, rather than individual performance (Li et al. 2013). Recommendation: Any organization, to be able to operate smoothly and manage its activities properly, will require to have a cohesive team. As an NGO, Happy Hands, will all the more need the presence of a team, which can work with an incredible sense of co-operation, collaboration and support towards each other, in order to be able to reach out to a huge number of people, and to provide them financial assistance. The organization, in order to build a cohesive team, must hold at least one meeting every month, and clearly state the immediate objectives of the organization, and split the employees into various groups, so that each group knows exactly what it has to perform. Here, the organization in creating new groups each time, may shuffle the employees of each group, and thus will be able to create better bonding and communication among all the employees (Goetsch et al. 2014). If the company wishes to offer recognition to any employee for outstanding contribution, Dharma, may ask Jenny to undertake t he task of identifying the employee skill and offering reward. This will help the employees to form good opinion about Jenny. Further, Dharma should keep on collecting feedback from the employees, as to how is Jenny performing as the manager of the team. If her performance is found to be underrated, then she should be provided some sort of training. The company may also think of collecting the feedback of the employees, and consider how far it will be a discreet idea to retain Jenny in the leadership position (Brunetto et al. 2013). Reference List: Avgar, A.C., Lamare, J.R., Lipsky, D.B. and Gupta, A., 2013. Unions and ADR: The relationship between labor unions and workplace dispute resolution in US corporations.Ohio St. J. on Disp. Resol.,28, p.63. Blackard, K. and Gibson, J.W., 2014.Capitalizing on Conflict: Strategies and Practices for Turning Conflict Into Synergy in Organizations. Nicholas Brealey Publishing. Bradley, B.H., Klotz, A.C., Postlethwaite, B.E. and Brown, K.G., 2013. Ready to rumble: How team personality composition and task conflict interact to improve performance.Journal of Applied Psychology,98(2), p.385. Brunetto, Y., Shriberg, A., Farrà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Wharton, R., Shacklock, K., Newman, S. and Dienger, J., 2013. The importance of supervisornurse relationships, teamwork, wellbeing, affective commitment and retention of North American nurses.Journal of Nursing Management,21(6), pp.827-837. Dubrin, A., 2015.Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Nelson Education. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Li, M.P. and Lam, B.H., 2013. Cooperative learning.2015-01-20]. https://www. ied. edu. hk/aclass/l'heories/cooperative learning course writing_LBH% 2024June, pdf. Malik, N., 2015. Influence strategies used by development personnel within the organization: a study of an NGO.International Journal of Tropical Agriculture,33(2 (Part I)), pp.317-321. Maxwell, J.C., 2013.The 17 indisputable laws of teamwork: Embrace them and empower your team. Thomas Nelson Inc. Moore, C.W., 2014.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Tjosvold, D. and Tjosvold, M., 2015. Team Organization: Departments Working Together. InBuilding the Team Organization(pp. 151-169). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Yukl, G., 2012. Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention.The Academy of Management Perspectives,26(4), pp.66-85.