Nursing Process of Transurethral

Nursing Process of Transurethral Presentation Its said one knows not what he has until it is gone, This regular saying can be applied to the procedures associated with Transurethral resection of the prostate( TURP). TURP is done to treat or mitigate augmentation of the prostate organ (kind prostatic hyperplasia) (mayoclinic.com, 1). The prostate is arranged close to the urinary bladder in a grown-up male. At the point when an individual pees, pee streams from the bladder, through the prostate organ, at that point the urethra which is encased inside the penile shaft, prompting the goal. At the point when this procedure is intruded, for this situation by a developed prostate organ shutting the exit out of the bladder; it can cause different urinary tract side effects. These side effects can fluctuate from trouble peeing, to urinary desperation, nocturia, oliguria, urinary maintenance and others. On the off chance that these indications are extreme, a TURP system is suggested by the doctor as an insignificantly intrusive strategy f or easing them Nursing Process of Transurethral Resection of the prostate Its said one knows not what he has until it is gone, This normal adage can be applied to the procedures associated with Transurethral resection of the prostate( TURP). TURP is done to treat or reduce amplification of the prostate organ (considerate prostatic hyperplasia) (mayoclinic.com, 1). The prostate is arranged close to the urinary bladder in a grown-up male. At the point when an individual pees, pee streams from the bladder, through the prostate organ, at that point the urethra which is encased inside the penile shaft, prompting the goal. At the point when this procedure is intruded, for this situation by an extended prostate organ shutting the exit out of the bladder; it can cause different urinary tract side effects. These indications can differ from trouble peeing, to urinary criticalness, nocturia, oliguria, urinary maintenance and others. On the off chance that these indications are extreme, a TURP methodology is suggested by the doctor as an insignificantly obtrusive tech nique for mitigating them. One doesn't consider what it involves to really have the option to get the inclination to pee and do as such effortlessly. The delight of this practically programmed process has been detracted from customers with benevolent prostatic hyperplasia, prompting the requirement for a TURP. This clarifies the ideas of not comprehending what one has till its gone or seriously made risky. A medical attendant becomes an integral factor in this procedure by utilizing the nursing procedure of appraisal, nursing finding, objectives, mediation and assessment to deal with the customer through the whole course of treatment. That is the medical caretaker follows the patient from preoperative to Post employable while steadily giving consideration and educating. Forestalling entanglements of TURP post operatively is a significant piece of the method, as this decides the accomplishment of such technique. In reference to difficulty after TURP, Weaver 2001 expressed that counteraction must beginning some time before the patient is conceded into the emergency clinic (p. 1). The medical caretaker needs to inquire as to whether the patient as of late took Coumadin, Aspirin or any NSAIDs scarcely any days prior to the system. These medications influences blood coagulation and they should have being halted a few days prior before to forestall discharge. Weaver further clarified that Coumadin ought to be stopped 3-7 days before TURP and patient must have quit taking Aspirin for in any event 10 days prior (p. 1). During postoperative consideration, the attendant needs to survey the patients inhabiting catheter for patency consistently. The substance of the sack should likewise be checked. This is on the grounds that an adjustment in the pee shading and consistency is the primary sign to dynamic bleeding.(Weaver 2001, p. 2) The patients fundamental signs should be checked at ordinary interims to identify any progressions which could be identified with draining and disease. Specific consideration need to put on the patients research center qualities on the grounds that a low white platelet tally could likewise give indication for disease. The patients information and yield should likewise be evaluated because of the persistent bladder water system (CBI). After the evacuation of the catheter, the attendant ought to survey the patients pee and disclose to the patient that some shivering or copying may be felt and this is typical. Gilhurst (2006) takes note of that TURP is utilized for roughly 90% of prostate medical procedure and that it is viewed as the highest quality level'. In spite of the fact that TURP is such an excellent methodology, it isn't without its dangers. Medical attendants need to analyze rapidly to forestall further inconveniences or mortality in patients. With this intrusive method, alongside catherization, patients are at high hazard for disease. Liquid volume imperfection, because of drain, is another significant determination of concern. Patients doing this method would as a rule show upset self-perception and information shortfall, despite the fact that this differs by person. The normal objectives for TURP are that the patient would not encounter TURP disorder, the patient would not display indications of discharge, the catheters patency would be kept up without entanglement, the patient would verbalizes a comprehension of the methodology and its attractive/bothersome impact. The medical caretaker ought to guarantee that the patient gets exhaustive release educating. As indicated by Ng (2004) nonstop bladder water system (CBI) is a built up methodology intended to forestall the arrangement and maintenance of blood clusters following transurethral prostatectomy (TURP). (p . 97). This constant water system is set up by the utilization of a three-way Foley catheter. The medical attendant is answerable for the administration of the Foley catheters patency. To guarantee that patency is kept up, consistent appraisal and early location is actualized. It is the attendants obligation to survey the saline water systems tallness, volume remaining, and liquid level in the trickle chamber. An appraisal of the seepage pack for the sum, consistency and the shade of the waste is a fundamental mediation in guaranteeing proficiency of the strategy and in making aware of the advancement of any entanglements. Ng 2004 recorded a couple of different intercessions in the keeping up of catheter patency which incorporate survey for wrinkling, footing, and spillage; change the braces to guarantee consistent stream rate; and constantly check liquid equalization/bladder water system. (p . 98). After an intensive evaluation, if blockage is suspected the medical caretaker is to mediate. As expressed by Ng 2004 to unblock the catheter the attendants mediation ought to be to, console the patient and clarify the technique, turn off the bladder water system framework; milk the tubing; watch seepage; and evaluate for a decline in the patients level of uneasiness. (p . 101). The most well-known intricacy after TURP is drain, considering this the nursing intercessions ought to incorporate checking the patients indispensable sign observing like clockwork (Wasson 2004, p . 5). The shading and consistency of the pee ought to likewise be checked at two hours interim. Educate the patient to stay level or at a slight slope quickly post-operatively, on the grounds that sitting may expand venous and bladder pressure causing dying, (Wasson 2004, p . 5). While in the medical clinic, the attendant ought to advise the doctor if there is an expansion in the pace of dying, and of any radical change in fundamental signs. Hypovolemia is a hazard factor of broad draining and the medical caretaker ought to be set up to intercede with substitutions of intravenous liquids and blood items. As indicated by Wasson 2004, the medical attendant ought to teach the patient to drink in any event 12 glasses of water for every day and to maintain a strategic distance from the utilizati on of liquor, charged refreshments, and hot nourishments that may over-animate the bladder (p . 5). Another genuine TURP related complexity is known as TURP condition (Wasson 2004, p. 4). TURP disorder is depicted to be an unusual vascular retention of inundating liquid during medical procedure which causes extreme dilutional hyponatemia and hypervolemia (Wasson 2004, p . 4). Nursing mediations planned for forestalling TURP condition incorporate cautious evaluation of its indications which incorporate; bradycardia, disarray, full holding beats, sensational increment in pulse, tachypnea, and transitory visual deficiency. Release instructing is significant in verifying that TURP is effective in settling the patients condition. The patient ought to be informed to keep a log regarding voiding and record the volume of pee, its attributes, and the recurrence. Demanding exercises, for example, climbing steps ought to be abstained from during the initial not many weeks after release. The patient ought to likewise be urged to rest consistently for roughly two to about a month and a half; this advances recuperating of the careful site. Action limitations that empowers recuperating likewise incorporates, shirking of lifting things weighing more than five pounds, evasion of extreme physical effort, and long strolls. End The patient ought to be instructed by the medical attendant to advise the doctor, if draining happens and doesn't stop inside one hour of treatment. A high fiber diet is energized during release instructing trying to stress that his forestalls obstruction. Likewise intensive perineal cleanliness ought to be focused and the patient ought to be instructed that it decreases the hazard for disease. Patients ought to be encouraged to take anti-infection agents and some other medicine as endorsed by the doctor. Instructing kegal practices is another significant nursing intercession as it fortifies the pelvic floor muscles. After the intercession, the medical caretaker will do an assessment so as to see whether the objective has been accomplished and to check whether the patient is advancing as arranged. The attendant ought to rethink the patient to guarantee that the individual in question didn't encounter TURP disorder, drain and some other entanglements recently referenced. The viability of the patient educating ought to be reevaluated, the more proficient the patient is about strides to be taken, the more prominent the likelihood that the patient will agree. This may help the patient in taking legitimate consideration of themselves after release and furthermore forestall intricacies. Along these lines, nursing mediation consistently help

Important Tips in Writing Research Essays

Important Tips in Writing Research EssaysIf you are trying to write research essays to earn an advanced degree, then you need to have a certain approach when writing your research. If you don't follow this methodology, you are just going to waste your time and effort on a difficult task.What you should do is narrow down your target market for your research essay in certain kinds of topics. For example, if you want to write a dissertation on the interaction between culture and marketing, then you should avoid writing about the financial markets. If you don't know any particular thing, you can simply ask your professor for a list of topics on which you should write your thesis.You will find that there are a number of things that you should be aware of when you want to write research. If you know the basics of this, then you will have a higher chance of writing an essay in the proper manner. This technique is also called as essay structuring.The first thing that you need to do when you are writing research essays is to determine your topic. The topic can be anything, such as politics, economics, religion, or history. However, it is recommended that you focus more on the subject you are writing on.Once you have selected your research topics, you should look into the history of the topic and see what other people have written about it before. You can use that information as your background for your essay.In addition, you should make sure that you have all the relevant facts and details. You also need to try and make sure that you are not making a biased piece of writing, because it can easily get rejected by your instructor and even your professor.When you go about writing your research essay, you should also remember that there are going to be many different people who will read your paper. It is important that you write your essay in such a way that it is unbiased and is going to get you through the quality review panel.

The Three Strikes Law And Public Policy Essay - 1838 Words

Brittney Seals-Johnson 12/8/16 CCJ 4497: Criminal Justice and Public Policy Final Paper The three strikes law came out of the â€Å"get tough† era in the late 70’s. The era was based on the idea that crime is the result of an offender’s choice’s and personal responsibility. During this time, the criminal justice system focused on punishment instead of rehabilitation, as the government switched to determinate based, or individualized sentencing where conviction was served in a jail or prison with a defined length of sentence, and can not be changed by a parole board or other agency. It was fair and just sentences based on the crime committed and its severity. The three strikes law was a policy that was started in Washington in 1993, and Governor Pete Wilson adopted a broader version of it in California that requires a criminal to serve a sentence of twenty-five years to life after they have been caught and convicted of a third felony. There are a total of twenty-three states and the federal government who have adopted some for of the three st rikes policy. The policy varies by each state and what crimes fall under felonies is the states discretion. For example, in Georgia, it only requires two violent felony convictions instead of three. In other states, it does not have to be a violent crime to be sent away for twenty-five to life. Different influences can lead to these types of policies. Public opinion and moral outrage are some of the ways that a policy can come about. ThreeShow MoreRelatedImpact Of The Three Strike Laws On The State Of California1679 Words   |  7 PagesThe effectiveness of the three strike laws has been a major concern among researchers; it has sparked the attention of several indidviduals from the first piece of legislation passed in the United States. 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The fear of repeat offenders and the increase of recidivism ignited the federal and state governments to seek harsher ways to protect citizens’ safety. Mike Reynolds a photographer whose daughter, KimberRead MoreCan Racial Profiling Be Justified1612 Words   |  7 Pages Can Racial Profiling in Law Enforcement Be Justified Cornelius Morgan CRJ 125: Criminology (W04) November 15, 2015 Abstract: In 1994 Polly Klaas was kidnapped from a slumber party at her home in California and later murdered by Richard Allen Davis who already had 2 prior convictions for kidnapping on his record. The public was outraged that a repeat offender was able to attack again. Politicians catered to this outrage and sold the public on a bill that would repeat offendersRead More235764916 CJA 394 Week 1 Criminal Justice Overview Paper SAMPLE page only1665 Words   |  7 Pagesin determinate sentencing and truth-in-sentencing laws which limit early release from prison (Albanese, 2013). 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Sexual Minority Women - 854 Words

Following on from existing literature on the disparities in health care access, utilization and health outcomes among racial and sexual minority women, the current study seeks to address existing gaps and offer directions for health promotion and future research in this area. This is a retrospective comparison study, examining the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health care seeking behaviors; and the moderating effect of sexual orientation and racial identity on this relationship. Comparative analysis of two medical institutions will be conducted, employing a mixed-method approach: Fenway Health and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, MA. This study design is informed by three theoretical frameworks: Assets†¦show more content†¦It is challenging for researchers to develop a medical framework that incorporates behavior as both a cause and a cure for certain health issues. Several empirical research studies have found a correlation between stress to endocrine and immunological dysfunction (see, Lovallo, 2015). Stress makes it harder, for some, to utilize resources or make appropriate decisions (Sarafino Smith, 2011). It is therefore plausible that multiple daily stressors (such as racism, heterosexism, sexism, macroaggressions), adversely impacts a person’s short and long term physical well-being. Hypothesis and Constructs For this current study, I predict that, while controlling for neighborhood characteristics, sexual and racial minority women seek needed health care at lower rates than women of a higher SES. However, I expect this relationship to be moderated by sexual orientation and racial identity. Racial and sexual minorities, who are of lower SES, seek health care at lower rates than their White heterosexual counterparts. 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In the District of Columbia, many women are living below the poverty life and are thus unable to get the help that they need in regards to their sexual and reproductive health. As researchers, there is a need to investigate why this is and what can be done to fix it. Through this research paper, there will be a large focus on low income women, their rates

Implementation of Plans and Strategies

Question: Explain the implementation of plans and strategies. Answer: Introduction: Every organization requires a leader to help the organization in the formulation as well as the implementation of plans and strategies. An effective leader is very vital to the growth of an organization, and his function is not merely confined to the execution of plan within a given time, but to resolve the problem, if any, in the organization, as well as to motivate the employees to achieve the goals. However, if the leader is not being able to strengthen the unity and promote harmony among or with the fellow subordinates, his leadership strategy will never yield any fruitful result. Hence, in such situations, the management of the organization may have to come forward and take necessary step to introduce teamwork, to enable greater interpersonal communication among all the employees, and to identify and rectify, the leadership mistakes, which the leader may be committing (Yukl et al. 2012). Discussion: In the present situation, it is easily understood that the employee Mark, and probably a handful of other employees, are discontent with the management of the Helping Hands, organization, for having granted a quick promotion to their fellow colleague, Jenny. As such, the management of an organization, should try to have a comprehensive understanding of the employees perspective, to be able to get a solution to the problem. Although conflict is a very common part of an organization, the challenges the management is confronted, as a result is quite tough. Hence, conflict resolution within the workplace is of utmost importance as continual process of grudge, malice and dissatisfaction, can lead to the reduction in the rate of productivity and performance (Dubrin et al. 2015). As it has been observed from the case study, that Dharma , as the owner of an NGO , has to keep herself pre-occupied with several government and other agencies, and as such it is difficult for her to look after and promote the workplace harmony. But her promotion of Jenny, as the new trainee, has created much conflict. Hence, the foremost step the organization has to take, is to promote a sense of belonging among all the employees, so that the feeling of workplace hierarchy and consequent conflict somewhat diminishes. This can be done by the organization, by arranging a conference or a seminar, that will help the employees understand the importance of the quality of teamwork. As Happy Hands is an NGO, it should work with an unified approach, to serve people and hence any sort of disruption in harmony can lead to the failure of the entire organization. So, the organization needs to hold more seminars and workshops whereby lecture will be delivered, and even activities will be organize d so that all the employees, the leaders or the subordinates feel themselves an important part of the organization (Moore et al. 2014). As it can be seen that the cause of the workplace conflict, here, is that the average group of employees are holding a sense of malice towards Jenny, who, according to them, have got an unfair advantage in assuming leadership role in the organization. Hence, the organization, has to make sure that Jenny is capable of creating a good rapport with the employees. This can be done, by first identifying a group of employees, who are not quite comfortable working with Jenny; then, a job has to be selected whereby the task will be allocated to these group of people, under the leadership of Jenny. However, here, Jenny should be less of a leader and more of a co-worker (Avgar et al. 2013). The work will be split among the workers, and the employees as well as Jenny, should be directed to communicate, interact and support each other in the process of completing the task. It may be decided that the organization is going to help out a few impoverished families of the remote region. To be able to reach out to these people, the whole team will have to work with each other, travel together, and find out the necessary means of gaining access to these families, and helping out through food, money, and other benefits. This whole act, will require more o a teamwork, whereby with the help of co-operation and support, the whole team will be able to complete the task as well as will fell a sense of joint success, or accomplishment of the same (Blackard et al. 2014). Again, similarly, the organization must be able to boost the morale of the employees and this can be achieved by introducing certain exercises in the workplace. One of the most recommended exercise is called back to back drawing method, this method can be successfully employed by the organization whereby each employee may be asked to sit along with another co-employee. While one of the two employees will be having a blank sheet of paper, the other one will have a picture of an object, and this employee will be responsible for communicating the idea of the object, without being able to show the picture to the first person. Apparently, a fun and interesting game, the exercise can be effectively employed to create team spirit among the employees, and will help them in communicating freely and exploring each other more freely (Bradley et al. 2013). Further, as the case study suggests, accusations have been brought against Jenny regarding her incapacity as a leader. Mark has already pointed out that Jenny has a habit of publicly shouting and criticizing the employees. Since, Jenny did not receive any professional guidance or training for assuming the new leadership role, she should receive some form of professional grooming for polishing her skills as a leader. Even Dharma can summon her, and ask her to change her excessively domineering traits. Jenny should be made aware of the fact that a true leader is not someone who is self-conceited and arrogant about her position, but someone who should bring the change, by considering herself a part of the system. Jenny should be asked not to give commands or discharge duties, in an assertive and arrogant way, but should be more polite and composed while approaching her subordinates to complete a task (Tjosvold et al. 2015). Otherwise, Jenny will end up being an autocratic leader, and wi ll be unsuccessful in accomplishing her goals. Moreover, a true leader is not always the one, who always communicates order to the subordinates. Jenny, keeping this point in mind, must learn to develop and enhance her listening skills (Maxwell et al. 2013). Since Happy Hands is actually a NGO, most of the services rendered by the employees are done on a voluntary basis, without much attraction to money or any other sort of financial benefit, the management authority of the organization, must ensure that none of the employees working here, feel unwanted or unnecessary. Hence, the management should also provide responsible works to other employees, with a minimum of two years of experience, and may ask them to initiate an activity, that requires lesser involvement of Jenny. Instead of depending on Jenny as an authoritative figure, the organization should ask the other employees, to share their valuable suggestions, opinions and advices, and may ask them to hold meetings or implement i deas, as and when they want to (Malik et al. 2015). Conclusion: Happy Hands is an NGO, and as an organization which runs with a beautiful objective, must not face any impediment for internal conflict. If any employee, such as Mark, is found to ventilate excessive negative opinion, he or she may be allowed to leave, if the employee decides so. However, for the remaining number of employees, Dharma must introduce more team-oriented activities, which will focus on activities that will encourage team performance, rather than individual performance (Li et al. 2013). Recommendation: Any organization, to be able to operate smoothly and manage its activities properly, will require to have a cohesive team. As an NGO, Happy Hands, will all the more need the presence of a team, which can work with an incredible sense of co-operation, collaboration and support towards each other, in order to be able to reach out to a huge number of people, and to provide them financial assistance. The organization, in order to build a cohesive team, must hold at least one meeting every month, and clearly state the immediate objectives of the organization, and split the employees into various groups, so that each group knows exactly what it has to perform. Here, the organization in creating new groups each time, may shuffle the employees of each group, and thus will be able to create better bonding and communication among all the employees (Goetsch et al. 2014). If the company wishes to offer recognition to any employee for outstanding contribution, Dharma, may ask Jenny to undertake t he task of identifying the employee skill and offering reward. This will help the employees to form good opinion about Jenny. Further, Dharma should keep on collecting feedback from the employees, as to how is Jenny performing as the manager of the team. If her performance is found to be underrated, then she should be provided some sort of training. The company may also think of collecting the feedback of the employees, and consider how far it will be a discreet idea to retain Jenny in the leadership position (Brunetto et al. 2013). Reference List: Avgar, A.C., Lamare, J.R., Lipsky, D.B. and Gupta, A., 2013. Unions and ADR: The relationship between labor unions and workplace dispute resolution in US corporations.Ohio St. J. on Disp. Resol.,28, p.63. Blackard, K. and Gibson, J.W., 2014.Capitalizing on Conflict: Strategies and Practices for Turning Conflict Into Synergy in Organizations. Nicholas Brealey Publishing. Bradley, B.H., Klotz, A.C., Postlethwaite, B.E. and Brown, K.G., 2013. Ready to rumble: How team personality composition and task conflict interact to improve performance.Journal of Applied Psychology,98(2), p.385. Brunetto, Y., Shriberg, A., Farrà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Wharton, R., Shacklock, K., Newman, S. and Dienger, J., 2013. The importance of supervisornurse relationships, teamwork, wellbeing, affective commitment and retention of North American nurses.Journal of Nursing Management,21(6), pp.827-837. Dubrin, A., 2015.Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Nelson Education. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Li, M.P. and Lam, B.H., 2013. Cooperative learning.2015-01-20]. https://www. ied. edu. hk/aclass/l'heories/cooperative learning course writing_LBH% 2024June, pdf. Malik, N., 2015. Influence strategies used by development personnel within the organization: a study of an NGO.International Journal of Tropical Agriculture,33(2 (Part I)), pp.317-321. Maxwell, J.C., 2013.The 17 indisputable laws of teamwork: Embrace them and empower your team. Thomas Nelson Inc. Moore, C.W., 2014.The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Tjosvold, D. and Tjosvold, M., 2015. Team Organization: Departments Working Together. InBuilding the Team Organization(pp. 151-169). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Yukl, G., 2012. Effective leadership behavior: What we know and what questions need more attention.The Academy of Management Perspectives,26(4), pp.66-85.

Quality Management in Education

Introduction Improving the quality of education around the world has become an important activity as many institutions of higher education (colleges and universities) struggle to create better educational opportunities for their current and prospective students. According to various stakeholders in the education sector, quality management has become one of the fundamental components of higher education in the 21st century.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Quality Management in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The access to education is no longer an important fundamental component of education as quality education continues to gain centre stage in many educational institutions. Basic education is now deemed insufficient or incomplete if it is not accompanied by quality management in teaching and learning strategies. Quality education has gained a lot of importance as it is used in the development of excellence, knowledge and expertise which are vital aspects in the growth of an economy (Ali Shastri, 2009). Many educational institutions around the world have developed strategies that will be used in the establishment of higher education to ensure that there is quality in education provision. This has mostly been possible as a result of the increasing importance and value placed on leadership and leadership skills within organizations. Gaining good leaders to be established in the world is only possible when there are developed systems of higher education that will ensure efficiency and effectiveness remain as the sole criteria of evaluating performance (Ali Shastri, 2009). The purpose of this study will be to determine what institutions of higher learning have to do so as to achieve quality in their educational objectives, missions, visions, goals and strategies. The study will first discuss the aspect of quality and quality management in a general sense and then focus on how quality management is applied in educational institutions. Quality Management Quality management is part of the management strategies that are aimed at achieving quality goals within organizations through the execution of organizational activities such as planning, monitoring, control and quality assurance to ensure quality has been achieved in the business processes and operations of an organization.Advertising Looking for term paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Quality management is based on principles such as customer focus, cost leadership, product/service development and the continual improvement of a company’s operations so as to achieve a competitive edge in the market. The most commonly used quality management technique in organizations is the total quality management (TQM) approach which aims at improving the total quality of business operations within an organization (Cua et al, 2001). Other a pproaches that are used in quality management include ISO performance improvement standards (ISO certification), quality management systems, quality function deployment and the six-sigma quality management technique. The main objectives of all these quality management approaches are to organize the efforts of employees within organizations so that their work performance produces outputs that are of a high quality and standard (Anand et al, 2010). The main component of quality management is quality which is defined as the degree to which a certain group of intrinsic properties satisfy certain requirements. The term intrinsic properties refer to the innate or permanent properties that exist in certain aspects, matters or situations where these properties meet the expectations of outlined standards or requirements (Dahlgaard et al, 2002). Quality applies to products, services, business operations, organizational systems and interdependent processes that exist within an organization. Qu ality within organizations ensures that the products or services developed by organizations have met the requirements set by the organization’s managers or by the ISO standards that are used to determine the quality of an organization’s products (Cummings Worley, 2008). The concept of quality is based on positive and dynamic ideas that involve achieving the design of meaningful investments rather than negative aspects that lead to product or service defects. Because quality is both a dynamic and positive idea, it has the ability to continuously evolve making the concept an endless journey that has a deliberate purpose which is that of improving the standards of an organization.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Quality Management in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Quality and quality management are both customer-focused approaches that are meant to improve the processes of an organiz ation through the use of interdependent systems such as planning, evaluation, control and quality assurance (Mukhopadhyay, 2005). The current view of quality management in today’s modern organization is that it is a system made up of interdependent processes that have been linked in a lateral way meant to create a network of internal and external collaboration between suppliers and customers. These interdependent processes have been connected to represent the company’s mission and purpose so that it can be able to achieve its objectives and goals (Bilen, 2010). Another view of quality management is that the people (employees or workers) of an organization are the tools that give organizations a competitive edge over their rivals. It enables employees to contribute to the overall growth and success of the organization by allowing them to participate in leadership activities, creativity and intelligence building as well as managerial capacity building (Daft Marcic, 2008 ). Quality Management in Education Quality management in education is a fairly new concept as the main focus of education in the past has been on ensuring that there is a general accessibility to education by all. This focus has however shifted as more and more educational institutions focus on ensuring that there is accessibility to education that is of a high quality. According to Simin and Xuqing (2005), there are two views that exist on education quality with the first one stating that the quality in educational activities is usually reflected by the quality of students an institution of higher learning is able to churn out to the job market after it has measured their performance against the institutions objectives and goals. The second view of quality education is based on whether the products offered by educational institutions are able to fully maximize the potential and ability of students so that they can be contributing members of the society. These views propose the idea that education is based on the transformation of students so that they can be contributing members of the society (Sallis, 2002). Quality in the education sector is therefore measured on the type of input and output processes that take place in educational institutions. The input in education according to Ming and Hualin (2011) refers to teaching and learning strategies that are used to instill various concepts and methodologies to students while output refers to students who have actively been transformed through teaching and learning strategies.Advertising Looking for term paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The transformation of students does not only depend on the amount of teaching, training or research they have been given but also on their level of active involvement in the transformation process. This means that the same instructors or teachers working for the same educational institution cannot be able to produce the same cadre of students once the transformational process is over. Also, the active involvement of students in the transformation process varied in nature as every student has their own individual expectations of the learning exercise and also the type of outcomes that will be gained from once they have undergone educational transformation. Quality in education therefore refers to the type of educational activities that will be used to satisfy the requirements of the society by building and nurturing the intellectual capacity of students (Ming Hualin, 2011). Tribus (2010) developed quality principles based on the works of Edwards Deming to reflect quality in educatio n. According to Tribus, the first principle in quality education refers to the redefinition of education where the role of faculty advisors, deans, lecturers and student advisors is translated to reflect quality provision of educational services. This principle discusses how various educational providers work within a system similar to that of an organization. The job of the faculty head or vice chancellor of the institution is to work on the system so as to constantly improve it continuously with other members of staff. Constant improvement refers to finding better ways of improving the quality of education with institutions of higher learning (Tribus, 2010). The second principle of quality in education according to Tribus (2010) is that quality improvement is the answer to any educational problem that might be experienced within the educational institution. This principle involves determining the customer’s perceptions of quality and using this perception to develop educati onal programs that will meet their expectation. According to Pfeifer (2002), the quality of any process is usually defined by the type of customers included in the transformation process. Quality management views the customer as the person who is next in line to receive a service or purchase a product and quality will therefore depend on the type of process that is used to meet the expectations of the customer. This according to Tribus (2010) gives rise to an internal customer which in the education context refers to students who are customers of course instructors. The third principle proposed by Tribus (2010) in explaining quality in education is the process over product principle where attention is placed on the process that is used to develop or improve the product. In the educational context, this principle can be translated to mean that if the student’s performance is to be improved, attention needs to be focused on the teaching or learning process and not on the passin g of examinations. This means that the individual potential of students needs to be discovered so that the level of development in the student can be used to develop suitable learning or teaching strategies. Attention is therefore not focused on evaluating and defining the potential of the student but on developing learning techniques that will be used to develop problem-solving abilities. The application of this principle in the quality management of education in higher education institutions involves both the teacher and the learner working together to improve the educational process of the student (Tribus, 2010). The fourth principle of quality in education is the perversity principle which involves improving the performance of a system of people, processes, procedures and practices where goals and objectives are developed for the individual parts of the system. The most commonly used quality management technique in implementing this principle is the management by objectives (MBO ) approach where the manager and subordinate agree on what the subordinate needs to accomplish so as to meet organizational targets. In the educational context, the course instructor and student agree on the course objectives that the student needs to achieve for them to be able to excel and meet their educational requirements (Tribus, 2010). These principles demonstrate quality management in education is depicted in terms of its impact on the students who are targeted by educational programs. Quality management in education targets the improvement of teaching and learning processes so as to transform students during the learning process. Quality management is therefore an inevitable factor that will be used by institutions of higher education to shape their teaching processes so that they can be able to satisfy the various expectations of stakeholders such as parents, students and the society at large. Quality management will ensure that educational goals and objectives developed b y academic institutions have been met and satisfied (Sahney et al, 2004). Application of Quality Management in Universities The basic roles and functions of higher education include seeking and cultivating new knowledge that will enable students to engage in the vigorous pursuit of information, providing the right kind of leadership skills that will help individual learners to develop their potential, equip society with competent individuals who will be trained in various professions and also promote equality or social justice to reduce any instances of social and cultural differences that might arise without any form of education. Higher education in universities and other institutions of learning also seeks to foster teacher student relationships that will instill certain attitudes and values that are needed to develop individuals as well as bring universities/colleges closer to the society at large through the extension of knowledge (Ali Shastri, 2009). Quality management in hig her education is made up of dimensions such as consistency where the education process seeks to provide quality that is consistent in nature, fitness to purpose where quality meets the customer’s specifications, value for money where students pay for course programs in return for efficiency and effectiveness and transformative educational dimensions where education is viewed as an ongoing process that is meant to transform and empower students. Quality management in education therefore seeks to incorporate the above-mentioned dimensions to ensure that there is quality higher education (Becket Brookes, 2008). To be able to achieve total quality management in higher education, universities and colleges need to first create an awareness of the need for quality improvement in their educational programs. This will involve identifying the various segments of teaching or learning programs that are in need of improvement and then informing the relevant actors of the need for change or improvements. Once this is done, goals need to be developed and set to ensure that there is a continuous improvement of the educational programs within the institutions of learning. Once the goals have been set, the next step will involve building organizational frameworks and institutions that will be used to achieve the set out goals (Borahan Ziarati, 2002). These frameworks will include establishing quality councils and selecting project teams for these councils that will be used to achieve quality goals. These frameworks will then be used for quality training where course instructors and lecturers will be trained on how to provide quality education to students. The progress made in quality educational improvement will be monitored to note if there are any inconsistencies in the improvement exercise and also any successes in the programs will be recorded for future developments and improvements. Such strategies and steps can be used by institutions of higher learning to impro ve the quality of education so that students can be able to achieve excellence in their studies (Bogue Bingham, 2003). When it comes to determining how these strategies can be used to improve the quality of education, certain aspects need to be considered for quality management to be successful. These aspects include the inputs, processes and outputs that make up the educational system where inputs include the transformational processes used to in part knowledge to students. Inputs are used within the transformation process to be transformed into outputs that are released back into the external environment. In the context of education, inputs are the human, physical and financial resources needed to make higher educational courses successful and they include students, faculty members and administrators (Hodson Thomas, 2003). Processes on the other hand refer to various operations or actions that are used to transform the inputs into outputs that can be measured against set out goa ls and objectives. The educational process involves a series of actions that are used to train, teach and transform students through educational programs, courses and classroom sessions. The transformational process within an institution of higher learning involves activities that are meant to disseminate knowledge while at the same time conduct research which will be beneficial to the learning process. Outputs are the tangible outcomes of the transformational process and they can either be value addition outcomes which include student employment, examination results and earnings or intangible outcomes which include educated people, contributing members of the society and contributing members of research work (Koslowski, 2006). These three aspects need to be considered when designing quality management systems that will be used to improve education in higher institutions. Once the suitable frameworks have been identified for improving inputs, processes and outputs, extension activit ies will be developed to apply these frameworks in the real educational context. Since the educational system does not operate in isolation, the extensional activities have to incorporate certain factors that exist in the external environment such as socio-cultural factors, economic factors, technological and political factors. These factors need to be considered as quality education ensures that the various problems within society can be solved. Extensional activities will therefore ensure that quality management in education has been directed towards promoting the development of the local community (Pratasavitskaya Stensaker, 2010). Conclusion The purpose of this study has been to assess the concept of quality management in higher educational institutions and also what strategies can be used to achieve quality management in educational programs. The discussion has focused on the aspect of quality in the general context and also in the education setting by identifying the various aspects that are used to improve organizational operations and processes. Quality in organizations involves ensuring the goods, services and processes used within organizations have met certain requirements or standards such as the ISO quality standards. Quality in education on the other hand involves transformational processes that will be used to improve the outputs of the learning process. The study has propagated various techniques and steps that educational institutions can use to improve the delivery of educational content to their students. References Ali, M., Shastri, R.J., (2009). Implementation of total quality management in higher education. Asian Journal of Business Management, 2 (1): 9 -16 Anand, G., Ward, P.T., Tatikonda, M.V., (2010). Role of explicit and tacit knowledge in six sigma projects: an empirical examination of differential project success.  Journal of Operations Management, 28(4): 303- 315 Becket, N., Brookes, M., (2008). Quality management practice in higher education: what quality are we actually enhancing? Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and  Tourism Education, 7(1): 40-54 Bilen, C., (2010). Total quality management in higher education institutions: challenges and future directions. International Journal of Productivity and Quality  Management. 5(4): 473-492 Bogue, E.G., Bingham, H. K., (2003). Quality and accountability in higher education. Cincinnati: Praeger Publishers Borahan, N.G., Ziarati, R., (2002). Developing quality criteria for application in higher education sector in Turkey. Total Quality Management, 13(7): 913-926 Cummings, T.G., Worley, C.G., (2008). Organization development and change. Mason, Ohio: Cengage Learning Cua, K.O., McKone, K.E., Schroeder, R.G., (2001). Relationships between implementation of TQM, JIT and TPM and manufacturing performance. Journal  of Operations Management, 19(6): 675-694 Daft, R.L., Marcic, D., (2008). Understanding management. Mason, Ohio: South Western Cengage Le arning Dahlgaard, J.J., Kristensen, K., Kanji, G.K., (2002). Fundamentals of total quality  management: process analysis and improvement. London, UK: Taylor and Francis Hodson, P., Thomas, H., (2003). Quality assurance in higher education: fit for new millennium or simply year 200 compliant. Higher Education, 45(3): 375-387 Koslowski, A.F., (2006). Quality and assessment in context: a brief review. Quality  Assurance in Education, 14(3): 277-288 Ming, L., Hualin, Z., (2011). Research and discussion on the education quality  construction for colleges and universities. Zhengzhou, China: Zhengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management Mukhopadhyay, M., (2005). Total quality management in education. New Delhi, India: Sage Publications Limited. Pfeifer, T., (2002). Quality management. Munchen, Germany: Hanser Verlag Pratasavitskaya, H., Stensaker, B., (2010). Quality management in higher education:towards a better understanding of an emerging field. Quality in Higher Ed ucation, 16(1); 37-50 Sallis, E., (2002). Total quality management in education. London, UK: Kogan Page Limited Sahney, S., Banwet, D.K., Karunes, S., (2004). Conceptualizing total quality management in higher education. The TQM Magazine, 16(2): 145- 159 Simin, W., Xuqing, Z., (2005). Educational quality and control modes of mass storage of higher education. Journal of Technology College Education. 10: 105-106 Tribus, M., (2011) Quality management in education. California: Exergy Incorporated This term paper on Quality Management in Education was written and submitted by user Eileen Obrien to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on THe Story Of Justine

The story of Justine William, Victor’s brother, is found murdered one day after playing in the forest with his brother Ernest. The real murderer is the creature, who had found a way to indirectly torture Victor. Justine is found to have the picture out of the locket that Elizabeth gave to William the morning of the day he was murdered. This circumstantial evidence is enough for the courts of Geneva to convict her of William’s murder. Justine confesses to the murder because, as she says when Victor and Elizabeth go to visit her in prison, her confessor threatened and menaced her into believing that she would be excommunicated if she didn’t confess. In Justine’s eyes, wrongful death would be better than being shut out of her religion. I believe that this is PB Shelley’s atheist influence over his wife as it is showing how religion can distort your perception of what is (and isn’t) good for your own wellbeing. Justine and Elizabeth play very similar roles in the no vel. They both play the more innocent and helpless roles that Shelley indented for women to play in her novel. It shows the more passive role that women played in society and the more romanticism ideals that women should hold. Although Elizabeth stands up for Justine's innocence, she, like Justine, is completely helpless to stop the execution. Justine is also like the creature in her innocence as the creature doesn’t know any better as he has not been taught, so he doesn’t turn himself in. Justine doesn’t know any better than to believe everything her confessor tells her, and so turns herself in to avoid being abandoned by her religion. Innocence becomes a very important theme in the novel, and more importantly innocence lost. Elizabeth also talks about justice and law when they go to visit Justine in prison after Justine has explained her false confession. Basically, Elizabeth is against the ‘shot for shot’ attitude that the justice system has take n as ... Free Essays on THe Story Of Justine Free Essays on THe Story Of Justine The story of Justine William, Victor’s brother, is found murdered one day after playing in the forest with his brother Ernest. The real murderer is the creature, who had found a way to indirectly torture Victor. Justine is found to have the picture out of the locket that Elizabeth gave to William the morning of the day he was murdered. This circumstantial evidence is enough for the courts of Geneva to convict her of William’s murder. Justine confesses to the murder because, as she says when Victor and Elizabeth go to visit her in prison, her confessor threatened and menaced her into believing that she would be excommunicated if she didn’t confess. In Justine’s eyes, wrongful death would be better than being shut out of her religion. I believe that this is PB Shelley’s atheist influence over his wife as it is showing how religion can distort your perception of what is (and isn’t) good for your own wellbeing. Justine and Elizabeth play very similar roles in the no vel. They both play the more innocent and helpless roles that Shelley indented for women to play in her novel. It shows the more passive role that women played in society and the more romanticism ideals that women should hold. Although Elizabeth stands up for Justine's innocence, she, like Justine, is completely helpless to stop the execution. Justine is also like the creature in her innocence as the creature doesn’t know any better as he has not been taught, so he doesn’t turn himself in. Justine doesn’t know any better than to believe everything her confessor tells her, and so turns herself in to avoid being abandoned by her religion. Innocence becomes a very important theme in the novel, and more importantly innocence lost. Elizabeth also talks about justice and law when they go to visit Justine in prison after Justine has explained her false confession. Basically, Elizabeth is against the ‘shot for shot’ attitude that the justice system has take n as ...